Personal pronouns, can be used both as a subject as an object.
| SUBJECT | OBJECT | ||||
| PERSON | |||||
| 1st sing. | io | I | mi | me | me |
| 2nd sing. | tu | you | ti | te | you |
| 3rd sing. masc. | egli/lui/esso | he/it | lo/gli/si | lui/sé | him |
| 3rd sing. fem. | alla/lei/essa | she/it | la/le/si | leu/sé | her |
| 1st plural | noi | we | ci | noi | us |
| 2nd plural | voi | you | vi | voi | you |
| 3rd plural masc. | essi/loro | they | li/si | loro/sé | them |
| 3rd plural fem. | esse/loro | they | le/si | loro/sé | them |
Subject pronouns replace the subject and take the place of the noun, generally before the verb.
In Italian the subject pronouns are almost always omitted:
| (Io) mangio un panino | I eat a sandwich |
| (tu) mangi un panino | you eat a sandwich |
| (egli/ella/esso/essa) mangia un panino | he/she/it eat a sandwich |
| (noi) mangiamo un panino | we eat a sandwich |
| (voi) mangiate un panino | you eat a sandwich |
| (essi/esse) mangiano un panino | they eat a sandwich |
Pronouns are always expressed when used to enphasise the subject,in this case they go after the verb and pronouns lui and lei are used instead of egli and ella and loro instead of essi:
The personal pronoun lei is used as a form of courtesy when speaking to an adult who is not a close acquaintance: